As networks expand beyond local environments, protecting data as it travels across the internet becomes critical. In IB Computer Science, this challenge is addressed through Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Students are expected to understand what a VPN is, how it works, and why organisations and individuals use them.
VPNs frequently appear in questions related to security, privacy, and remote access, making clear explanations essential.
What Is a VPN?
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) creates a secure, encrypted connection between a device and a network over a public network such as the internet.
Despite using public infrastructure, a VPN makes communication:
- Private
- Secure
- Protected from interception
In IB Computer Science, a VPN is described as creating a secure tunnel through an untrusted network.
Why VPNs Are Needed
Without a VPN:
- Data sent over public networks can be intercepted
- Sensitive information may be exposed
- Remote access can be insecure
VPNs are used to:
- Protect data confidentiality
- Secure remote access
- Hide network activity from attackers
They are especially important when using:
- Public Wi-Fi
- Remote connections to private networks
How a VPN Works
A VPN works by:
- Encrypting data before it leaves the device
