Definition
Database Segmentation
The process of dividing a database into smaller, more manageable parts based on a specific feature or criterion.
Importance of Segmenting a Database
- Improved Performance: Smaller segments mean faster queries and transactions.
- Enhanced Security: Sensitive data can be isolated in secure segments.
- Scalability: Easier to manage and expand as the database grows.
Types of Segmentation
- Horizontal Segmentation: Divides data rows based on a criterion.
- Vertical Segmentation: Divides data columns based on usage.
- Hybrid Segmentation: Combines both horizontal and vertical methods.
Example
- Horizontal Segmentation: Customers in different regions stored in separate segments.
- Vertical Segmentation: Frequently accessed columns stored separately from rarely used ones.
How Segmentation Works
- Identify a Segmentation Criterion: Choose a feature that logically divides the data.
- Partition the Data: Split the database into segments based on the chosen criterion.
- Manage Access: Ensure applications can seamlessly access segmented data.
Example
- Imagine a university database with student records.
- Horizontal Segmentation: Students are grouped by their year of study (e.g., first-year, second-year).
- Vertical Segmentation: Academic records are stored separately from personal information.
Common Mistake
- A common mistake is choosing a segmentation criterion that leads to uneven segments. This can cause performance issues.
